Demystifying North Korea: A Comprehensive Guide to Traveling to the DPRK
Traveling to North Korea, officially known as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), is an experience unlike any other. It’s a journey into one of the world’s most isolated and misunderstood countries. While it might seem daunting, with careful planning and adherence to specific guidelines, a trip to North Korea can be a fascinating and eye-opening adventure. This comprehensive guide will walk you through every step, from visa application to ethical considerations, ensuring you are well-prepared for your journey.
## Is it Safe and Ethical to Travel to North Korea?
Before diving into the practicalities, it’s crucial to address the ethical considerations. Traveling to North Korea can be a complex issue, and it’s important to be aware of the potential implications. Some argue that tourism provides the regime with much-needed foreign currency, potentially supporting its policies. Others believe that it’s important to engage with the North Korean people and foster understanding.
Ultimately, the decision to travel is a personal one. Consider these points:
* **Where Your Money Goes:** The vast majority of your travel expenses will go to government-owned entities. While you can purchase souvenirs from local artisans, the financial impact is minimal.
* **Limited Interaction:** Your interactions with local North Koreans will be highly controlled and supervised. Independent exploration is not permitted.
* **Propaganda:** Be prepared to encounter significant amounts of propaganda and carefully curated narratives about North Korea. Critical thinking is essential.
* **Human Rights:** The human rights situation in North Korea is dire, and it’s crucial to be aware of this reality.
Safety is generally not a major concern for tourists who follow the rules and guidelines set by their tour operators. However, it’s essential to respect local laws and customs, avoid political discussions, and refrain from taking unauthorized photos. Disobeying these rules can have serious consequences.
## Who Can Travel to North Korea?
Generally, most nationalities are permitted to travel to North Korea, with a few notable exceptions. Citizens of South Korea are generally not allowed to travel to North Korea on regular tourist visas. Journalists and individuals with overtly critical views of the DPRK may also face difficulties obtaining visas. U.S. citizens were previously banned from traveling to North Korea, but the ban has since been lifted, although the U.S. State Department continues to strongly advise against travel to the DPRK due to the risk of arbitrary arrest and detention.
Before making any plans, it’s crucial to check the latest travel advisories from your country’s government and consult with a reputable tour operator specializing in North Korea tours.
## Booking Your Tour: The Only Way to Visit
Independent travel to North Korea is not permitted. All visitors must be part of an organized tour led by government-approved guides. Several reputable tour operators specialize in North Korea tours, catering to different interests and budgets. When choosing a tour operator, consider the following:
* **Reputation and Experience:** Look for a tour operator with a proven track record of organizing successful and safe tours to North Korea. Read reviews and testimonials from previous travelers.
* **Itinerary:** Review the itinerary carefully to ensure it aligns with your interests. Common attractions include Pyongyang, the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), and various historical and cultural sites.
* **Group Size:** Consider whether you prefer a small, intimate group or a larger, more budget-friendly tour.
* **Price:** Compare prices from different tour operators and be sure to understand what is included in the price (flights, accommodation, meals, visa fees, etc.).
* **Visa Assistance:** Ensure the tour operator provides assistance with the visa application process.
Some popular tour operators specializing in North Korea include:
* **Koryo Tours:** One of the most well-known and experienced operators, offering a wide range of tours and customized itineraries.
* **Young Pioneer Tours:** Known for its budget-friendly tours and adventure-oriented itineraries.
* **Uri Tours:** A reputable operator with a focus on cultural immersion and sustainable tourism.
* **Rocky Road Travel:** Focuses on small group tours for more intimate experiences
## The Visa Application Process: Patience is Key
The visa application process for North Korea can be lengthy and requires careful attention to detail. Your tour operator will typically handle the visa application on your behalf, but you will need to provide them with the necessary documents and information. Here’s a general overview of the process:
1. **Book Your Tour:** The first step is to book your tour with a reputable tour operator. They will provide you with the visa application form and instructions.
2. **Complete the Application Form:** Fill out the visa application form accurately and completely. Provide all the required information, including your personal details, passport information, travel history, and occupation.
3. **Passport Photo:** Submit a recent passport-sized photo that meets the specified requirements.
4. **Passport Scan:** Provide a clear scan of your passport’s bio page.
5. **Supporting Documents:** You may be required to submit additional supporting documents, such as a copy of your flight itinerary or a letter of employment.
6. **Submit Your Application:** Your tour operator will submit your visa application to the North Korean authorities on your behalf.
7. **Visa Approval:** The visa approval process can take several weeks or even months. Be patient and allow ample time for processing.
8. **Visa Issuance:** If your visa is approved, you will receive a visa label or document from your tour operator. This document will need to be presented upon arrival in North Korea.
**Important Considerations:**
* **Timing:** Apply for your visa well in advance of your planned travel dates.
* **Accuracy:** Ensure all information provided on the application form is accurate and truthful.
* **Communication:** Maintain open communication with your tour operator throughout the visa application process.
* **Rejection:** Visa rejections are rare, but they can happen. Be prepared for the possibility and understand the tour operator’s refund policy.
## Getting There: Flights and Border Crossings
There are limited options for getting to North Korea. The most common routes are:
* **Flights from Beijing (PEK):** Air Koryo, the North Korean national carrier, operates flights between Beijing and Pyongyang (FNJ). These flights are the most convenient and popular option.
* **Flights from Vladivostok (VVO):** Air Koryo also operates flights between Vladivostok, Russia, and Pyongyang.
* **Train from Dandong, China:** You can take a train from Dandong, a Chinese city on the border with North Korea, to Pyongyang. This option is slower but offers a unique glimpse into the North Korean countryside.
**Arrival and Immigration:**
Upon arrival in Pyongyang, you will go through immigration and customs. Be prepared to present your passport, visa, and any other required documents. Your luggage may be subject to inspection.
**Mobile Phones and Electronic Devices:**
* **Mobile Phones:** Mobile phones are generally allowed into North Korea, but you will likely need to purchase a local SIM card to use them. Data roaming with your home country’s SIM card is usually not available.
* **Laptops and Tablets:** Laptops and tablets are allowed, but be aware that they may be subject to inspection. Ensure you have any necessary software and documents downloaded before your trip, as internet access is limited.
* **GPS Devices:** Standalone GPS devices are generally not allowed.
* **Books and Media:** Exercise caution when bringing books, magazines, or other media into North Korea. Anything deemed to be critical of the DPRK or politically sensitive may be confiscated.
## Accommodation: State-Run Hotels
As a tourist, you will typically be accommodated in state-run hotels in Pyongyang or other designated cities. These hotels are generally basic but clean and comfortable. Common hotels include:
* **Yanggakdo International Hotel:** One of the largest and most popular hotels in Pyongyang, located on an island in the Taedong River.
* **Koryo Hotel:** A twin-towered hotel in the heart of Pyongyang, offering a range of amenities.
* **Ryugyong Hotel:** The iconic pyramid-shaped hotel, while not always fully operational, may be visited as part of your tour.
Expect limited interaction with locals at these hotels. Facilities typically include restaurants, bars, and souvenir shops. Internet access is usually limited or unavailable.
## Currency and Payment: Euros, US Dollars, or Chinese Yuan
The official currency of North Korea is the North Korean Won (KPW), but it is not typically used by tourists. You will primarily use Euros, US Dollars, or Chinese Yuan for transactions. Credit cards are generally not accepted.
It’s advisable to bring enough cash to cover all your expenses, including meals, souvenirs, and optional activities. ATMs are not readily available for tourists.
## What to Pack: Practical and Respectful Attire
Packing for a trip to North Korea requires careful consideration. Here are some essential items to include:
* **Comfortable Shoes:** You will be doing a lot of walking, so comfortable shoes are essential.
* **Modest Clothing:** Dress respectfully and avoid clothing that is too revealing or provocative. Long pants or skirts and shirts with sleeves are recommended.
* **Layers:** The weather in North Korea can be unpredictable, so pack layers to adapt to changing temperatures.
* **Sunscreen, Hat, and Sunglasses:** Protect yourself from the sun, especially during the summer months.
* **Personal Toiletries:** Bring your own toiletries, as they may not be readily available in North Korea.
* **Medications:** If you take any prescription medications, bring an adequate supply for the duration of your trip, along with a copy of your prescription.
* **Adapters:** North Korea uses a variety of plug types, so bring a universal adapter.
* **Gifts (Optional):** Small, thoughtful gifts for your guides and drivers are appreciated. Consider items like cigarettes (for men), cosmetics (for women), or sweets (for children).
**Things to Avoid Packing:**
* **Anything with the South Korean flag or symbols.**
* **Anything overtly political or critical of North Korea.**
* **Pornography or sexually explicit materials.**
* **Religious materials intended for proselytizing.**
## During Your Trip: Rules and Etiquette
During your trip to North Korea, it’s crucial to be aware of the rules and etiquette to ensure a smooth and respectful experience. Here are some key points to keep in mind:
* **Respect for Leaders:** Show respect for the leaders of North Korea, both past and present. When visiting monuments or statues, dress respectfully and avoid making disrespectful gestures or comments. Bowing is often expected.
* **Photography Restrictions:** Be mindful of photography restrictions. Do not photograph military personnel, construction sites, or anything that could be considered sensitive. Always ask your guides for permission before taking photos.
* **Limited Interaction:** Understand that your interactions with local North Koreans will be limited and supervised. Avoid initiating conversations or venturing off on your own.
* **Avoid Political Discussions:** Refrain from engaging in political discussions or expressing opinions about the North Korean regime. It’s best to stick to neutral topics.
* **Follow Your Guides’ Instructions:** Always follow the instructions of your guides and respect their authority. They are responsible for your safety and well-being.
* **No Proselytizing:** Do not attempt to proselytize or share religious beliefs.
* **Souvenirs:** When purchasing souvenirs, support local artisans and vendors whenever possible.
* **Tipping:** Tipping is not mandatory, but it is appreciated by your guides and drivers. A small tip at the end of the trip is customary.
* **Be Mindful of Your Behavior:** Be aware that you are a guest in North Korea and your behavior reflects on your country. Act respectfully and avoid causing offense.
## What to Expect: A Glimpse into a Different World
Traveling to North Korea is an experience that challenges your perceptions and provides a glimpse into a world unlike any other. Be prepared for:
* **Propaganda:** Expect to encounter significant amounts of propaganda and carefully curated narratives about North Korea. Be critical and question what you see and hear.
* **Limited Freedom:** Understand that your freedom of movement will be restricted, and you will be under constant supervision.
* **Unique Architecture:** Admire the grand architecture of Pyongyang, including monuments, statues, and public buildings.
* **Controlled Information:** Be aware that access to information is highly controlled, and you will not have access to the internet or international media.
* **Friendly People:** Despite the political climate, you will likely encounter friendly and welcoming North Koreans.
* **Stunning Scenery:** Explore the beautiful landscapes of North Korea, from mountains and forests to coastlines and beaches.
## Leaving North Korea: Departure Procedures
Upon departure from North Korea, you will go through customs and immigration again. Your luggage may be subject to inspection. Be sure to declare any items you are taking out of the country. Souvenirs are generally allowed, but items deemed to be politically sensitive may be confiscated.
## Ethical Considerations Revisited
After your trip, take time to reflect on your experience and consider the ethical implications of traveling to North Korea. Share your insights with others and promote responsible tourism.
## Staying Connected (or Not)
As mentioned before, internet access is extremely limited. Inform friends and family that you will be largely unreachable during your trip. Consider this a digital detox and embrace the opportunity to disconnect.
## After Your Trip: Reflection and Sharing Your Experience
Once you return from your trip to North Korea, take some time to reflect on your experience. Consider:
* **What surprised you the most?**
* **What did you learn about North Korea and its people?**
* **How has your perspective changed?**
Sharing your experience with others can help to promote understanding and awareness about North Korea. You can do this through:
* **Writing a blog post or article.**
* **Giving a presentation.**
* **Sharing photos and videos on social media (with appropriate context).**
* **Engaging in conversations with friends and family.**
However, be mindful of the potential sensitivities involved and avoid sensationalizing or exploiting the situation. Focus on sharing your personal observations and insights in a respectful and thoughtful manner.
## Conclusion: An Unforgettable Journey
Traveling to North Korea is undoubtedly a unique and unforgettable experience. It’s a journey that challenges your perceptions, broadens your understanding of the world, and leaves you with lasting memories. While it requires careful planning and adherence to specific guidelines, it can be a rewarding and eye-opening adventure for those who are curious and open-minded.
Remember to travel responsibly, respect local customs, and engage with the experience with an open heart and mind.