How to Safely and Effectively Drain Your Above Ground Pool
Maintaining an above ground pool involves more than just keeping the water clean and balanced. Occasionally, you’ll need to drain the pool completely for cleaning, repairs, winterizing, or even relocating it. While it might seem daunting, draining an above ground pool is a manageable task if you follow the right steps. This comprehensive guide provides detailed instructions and important considerations to help you drain your pool safely and efficiently.
## Why Drain Your Above Ground Pool?
Before diving into the how-to, let’s understand why you might need to drain your above ground pool in the first place:
* **Cleaning:** Over time, debris, algae, and mineral buildup can accumulate on the pool walls and floor. A thorough cleaning often requires draining the pool.
* **Repairs:** If you need to patch a liner, fix a wall, or make other structural repairs, draining the pool is essential.
* **Winterizing:** In colder climates, draining the pool (or partially draining it) is a crucial step in winterizing to prevent damage from freezing water.
* **Relocation:** If you’re moving or simply want to change the pool’s location, you’ll need to drain it completely.
* **Severe Water Issues:** If the water is severely contaminated with algae, chemicals, or other pollutants that are resistant to treatment, draining and refilling might be the most effective solution.
* **Liner Replacement:** Replacing an old or damaged liner necessitates draining the pool entirely.
## Important Considerations Before You Begin
Before you start draining your above ground pool, consider the following factors to ensure a smooth and safe process:
* **Check Local Regulations:** Some municipalities have regulations regarding where pool water can be discharged. Check with your local authorities to ensure you comply with their guidelines. You might need to dechlorinate the water before draining it into a storm drain or your yard.
* **Water Table:** Be mindful of your local water table. Draining a pool in an area with a high water table could cause the liner to lift or even damage the pool walls. Consult with a pool professional if you’re unsure about your water table.
* **Weather:** Avoid draining your pool during or immediately before heavy rainfall. This can saturate the ground and potentially damage the pool structure. Sunny and dry weather is ideal.
* **Time of Year:** The time of year can impact the draining process. For instance, draining in the fall for winterizing requires different considerations than draining in the spring for cleaning.
* **Pool Type and Size:** The specific steps might vary slightly depending on the type and size of your above ground pool. Refer to your pool’s owner’s manual for any specific instructions.
* **Safety:** Always prioritize safety. Turn off all electrical equipment connected to the pool before draining. Supervise children and pets closely during the entire process.
## Tools and Materials You’ll Need
Gather the following tools and materials before you begin:
* **Submersible Pump:** A submersible pump is the most efficient way to drain your pool. Choose a pump with sufficient capacity to drain the pool in a reasonable timeframe. Consider the GPH (gallons per hour) rating. The higher the GPH, the faster the pool will drain.
* **Garden Hose:** You’ll need a garden hose to connect to the pump and direct the water to the desired drainage area. Ensure the hose is long enough to reach the designated area.
* **Hose Clamps (Optional):** Hose clamps can help secure the hose to the pump and prevent leaks.
* **Extension Cord (If Needed):** If the pump’s power cord doesn’t reach an outlet, use a heavy-duty extension cord suitable for outdoor use.
* **Screwdriver or Pliers:** You might need these tools to loosen hose connections or access the drain plug (if your pool has one).
* **Dechlorinator (If Required):** If local regulations require it, purchase a dechlorinator to neutralize the chlorine in the pool water before draining.
* **Pool Brush:** A pool brush is handy for scrubbing the walls and floor as the water level drops.
* **Shop Vac (Optional):** A shop vac can be useful for removing the last bit of water from the pool floor.
* **Safety Glasses and Gloves:** Protect your eyes and hands from debris and chemicals.
## Step-by-Step Instructions for Draining Your Above Ground Pool
Follow these detailed steps to drain your above ground pool safely and effectively:
**Step 1: Prepare the Pool and Surrounding Area**
* **Turn Off the Power:** Disconnect the power supply to the pool pump, filter, and any other electrical equipment. This is crucial for safety.
* **Clean the Pool:** Use a pool skimmer to remove any leaves, debris, or floating objects from the water surface. This will prevent the pump from clogging.
* **Brush the Walls:** Brush the pool walls to loosen any algae or dirt buildup. This will make cleaning easier once the pool is drained.
* **Clear the Drainage Area:** Ensure the area where you’ll be draining the water is clear of any obstacles and that the water can flow freely without causing damage. Consider the volume of water and the potential for erosion.
**Step 2: Position the Submersible Pump**
* **Place the Pump:** Carefully lower the submersible pump into the deepest part of the pool. Make sure the pump is resting on a flat surface to prevent it from tipping over.
* **Attach the Hose:** Connect one end of the garden hose to the pump’s outlet. Secure the connection with a hose clamp if necessary.
* **Direct the Hose:** Run the other end of the garden hose to the designated drainage area. Ensure the hose is positioned to prevent erosion or damage to your property or your neighbor’s.
**Step 3: Start the Pump**
* **Plug in the Pump:** Plug the pump into a GFCI-protected outlet (or a heavy-duty extension cord connected to a GFCI outlet). GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlets are designed to prevent electrical shocks.
* **Turn on the Pump:** Switch on the pump. It should start pumping water immediately. Monitor the pump and hose for any leaks or issues. If the pump doesn’t start, check the power connection and the pump’s intake for any obstructions.
**Step 4: Monitor the Draining Process**
* **Keep an Eye on the Water Level:** As the water level drops, monitor the pump’s position. You might need to reposition it to ensure it continues to pump water effectively.
* **Check for Clogs:** Periodically check the pump’s intake for any clogs. Remove any debris that might be blocking the flow of water.
* **Watch for Liner Movement:** Pay close attention to the pool liner as the water drains. If you notice any significant movement or wrinkles, stop the draining process immediately. This could indicate an issue with the pool’s structure or the water table.
**Step 5: Dealing with the Remaining Water**
* **Pump the Last Few Inches:** As the water level gets low, the submersible pump might struggle to pump efficiently. You can try tilting the pump or using a small container to scoop out the remaining water and pour it into the pump’s intake.
* **Use a Shop Vac (Optional):** For the last inch or two of water, a shop vac can be very helpful. Use the shop vac to vacuum up the remaining water from the pool floor.
* **Sponge or Towels:** You can also use sponges or towels to soak up the remaining water and wring them out into a bucket.
**Step 6: Cleaning and Inspection**
* **Clean the Pool Surfaces:** Once the pool is completely drained, use a pool brush and a mild cleaning solution to scrub the walls and floor. Remove any algae, dirt, or mineral buildup.
* **Inspect the Liner and Structure:** Carefully inspect the pool liner for any tears, holes, or damage. Check the pool walls and frame for any signs of rust, corrosion, or structural issues. Address any problems before refilling the pool.
## Alternative Draining Methods
While a submersible pump is the most common method, here are a few alternative approaches:
* **Using the Pool’s Drain Plug (If Applicable):** Some above ground pools have a drain plug located at the bottom. If your pool has one, you can connect a garden hose to the drain plug and allow the water to drain out. This method is slower than using a pump.
* **Siphoning:** Siphoning can be used for smaller pools or when a pump isn’t available. To siphon, fill a garden hose completely with water and hold both ends. Place one end in the pool and the other end in the drainage area, ensuring the drainage end is lower than the pool water level. Release both ends simultaneously to start the siphon.
## Draining for Winterization
If you’re draining your pool for winterization, consider these additional steps:
* **Lower the Water Level:** In many climates, you don’t need to completely drain your above ground pool for winter. Instead, lower the water level to a few inches below the skimmer opening. This will protect the skimmer from freezing damage.
* **Blow Out the Lines:** Use an air compressor to blow out the water from the pool’s plumbing lines (skimmer, return jets, and pump). This prevents the pipes from freezing and cracking.
* **Plug the Lines:** After blowing out the lines, plug them with winterizing plugs to prevent water from re-entering.
* **Add Winterizing Chemicals:** Add winterizing chemicals to the pool water to prevent algae growth and protect the liner during the off-season.
* **Cover the Pool:** Cover the pool with a winter cover to protect it from debris and snow.
## Draining and Potential Liner Issues
Draining an above ground pool can sometimes lead to liner problems. Here’s what to watch out for:
* **Liner Shrinkage:** When exposed to air, pool liners can shrink, especially in hot weather. This can make it difficult to reinstall the liner when refilling the pool. To minimize shrinkage, drain the pool on a cool, overcast day and refill it as soon as possible.
* **Liner Wrinkles:** Wrinkles can form in the liner as the water drains. These wrinkles are often caused by the liner shifting or stretching. In most cases, wrinkles will disappear when the pool is refilled. However, severe wrinkles might require professional attention.
* **Liner Lifting:** If the water table is high, the liner can lift as the pool is drained. This is because the groundwater exerts pressure on the liner from below. If you suspect a high water table, consult with a pool professional before draining the pool.
## Safety Precautions
* **Electricity:** Never enter the pool while the pump is running or if any electrical equipment is nearby. Always disconnect the power supply before working on the pool.
* **Supervision:** Supervise children and pets closely during the entire draining process. The pool area can be hazardous when the pool is empty.
* **Slips and Falls:** Be careful when walking around the empty pool. The surfaces can be slippery, especially when wet.
* **Back Injury:** When lifting heavy equipment like pumps and hoses, use proper lifting techniques to avoid back injuries.
* **Chemicals:** Wear safety glasses and gloves when handling pool chemicals.
## Refilling Your Above Ground Pool
Once you’ve completed the necessary cleaning, repairs, or winterizing steps, you can refill your above ground pool. Follow these tips:
* **Inspect the Liner:** Before refilling, carefully inspect the liner for any damage or wrinkles.
* **Reinstall Fittings:** Reinstall all fittings, such as skimmer baskets and return jets.
* **Use a Liner Vac (Optional):** A liner vac can help prevent wrinkles as the pool fills. Place the liner vac between the liner and the pool wall to create suction and hold the liner in place.
* **Fill Slowly:** Fill the pool slowly and gradually to allow the liner to stretch evenly.
* **Monitor the Water Level:** Keep an eye on the water level as the pool fills. Stop filling if you notice any issues with the liner.
* **Balance the Water Chemistry:** Once the pool is full, test the water chemistry and adjust the pH, alkalinity, and chlorine levels as needed.
## Troubleshooting Common Problems
* **Pump Won’t Start:** Check the power connection, the pump’s intake for obstructions, and the GFCI outlet.
* **Pump Isn’t Pumping Efficiently:** Ensure the pump is submerged, the hose isn’t kinked, and the intake is clear.
* **Liner is Shifting or Wrinkling:** Stop the draining process and consult with a pool professional.
* **Water is Draining Too Slowly:** Check the hose for clogs and ensure the pump is powerful enough for the size of your pool.
## Conclusion
Draining an above ground pool is a task that requires careful planning and execution. By following these detailed steps and safety precautions, you can drain your pool safely and efficiently for cleaning, repairs, winterizing, or relocation. Remember to always consult with a pool professional if you have any concerns or encounter any difficulties during the process. A well-maintained pool provides years of enjoyment, and proper draining techniques are an essential part of pool ownership.