Dry Mounting Prints: A Comprehensive Guide for Perfect Presentation
Dry mounting is a fantastic technique for permanently adhering a print to a rigid substrate, creating a smooth, flat, and professional-looking presentation. Unlike wet mounting, which uses liquid adhesives, dry mounting utilizes heat-activated adhesive tissue. This method eliminates the risk of bubbles, wrinkles, and uneven application that can plague wet mounting. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the entire dry mounting process, from selecting the right materials to troubleshooting common issues. Whether you’re a professional photographer, artist, or hobbyist, mastering dry mounting will significantly enhance the quality and impact of your work.
## Why Dry Mount Your Prints?
Before diving into the how-to, let’s understand the benefits of dry mounting:
* **Professional Presentation:** Dry mounting creates a flawlessly flat and rigid surface, ideal for framing, displaying, or selling your prints.
* **Preservation:** By adhering the print to a stable backing, you protect it from physical damage, warping, and curling. This is particularly important for archival prints.
* **Enhanced Visual Appeal:** A mounted print simply looks more substantial and impressive. The rigid backing adds depth and presence to the artwork.
* **Elimination of Air Bubbles:** Unlike traditional gluing methods, dry mounting completely eliminates air bubbles and wrinkles, ensuring a smooth, flawless finish.
* **Long-Lasting Bond:** When done correctly, dry mounting creates a permanent and durable bond between the print and the substrate.
## Materials You’ll Need
To successfully dry mount your prints, you’ll need the following materials:
* **Print:** The photograph, artwork, or document you wish to mount. Ensure it’s clean and free of dust or fingerprints.
* **Mounting Board:** A rigid substrate to which you’ll adhere the print. Common choices include:
* **Foam Board:** Lightweight, inexpensive, and easy to cut. Suitable for temporary displays and projects where archival quality isn’t critical.
* **Gatorboard:** A more rigid and durable alternative to foam board, with a hard, moisture-resistant surface. Ideal for more demanding applications.
* **Mat Board:** Available in various colors and thicknesses, mat board is a popular choice for framing and creating a professional presentation. Ensure it’s acid-free for archival purposes.
* **Aluminum Composite Material (ACM):** Such as Dibond, is a premium option for high-end presentations. It’s incredibly rigid, lightweight, and resistant to warping. It is a great choice for very large prints.
* **Dry Mounting Tissue:** A thin sheet of adhesive tissue that melts and bonds the print to the mounting board when heated. Choose a tissue specifically designed for dry mounting. There are different brands and types, with varying activation temperatures and adhesion strengths. Popular brands include Seal and Drytac.
* **Release Paper (Silicone Release Paper):** This non-stick paper is used to protect the print and mounting board during the heating process and prevent them from sticking to the press. You will need several sheets of release paper.
* **Tacking Iron:** A small, handheld iron used to temporarily tack the print to the mounting board before applying heat in the dry mount press. This prevents shifting during the mounting process.
* **Dry Mount Press:** A heated press that applies even pressure and heat to activate the adhesive tissue. A dry mount press is essential for achieving a professional-quality bond. Ensure it’s large enough to accommodate your print size. (If you don’t have access to a dry mount press, alternative methods are discussed later.)
* **Craft Knife or Utility Knife:** For trimming the mounted print and mounting board to size.
* **Metal Ruler or Straightedge:** For accurate cutting.
* **Cutting Mat:** To protect your work surface.
* **Lint-Free Cloth:** For cleaning the print and mounting board.
* **Soft Brush:** For removing dust and debris.
* **Weight:** A heavy, flat object (e.g., a stack of books) to keep the print flat during cooling (if not using a cold press).
## Step-by-Step Guide to Dry Mounting
Follow these detailed steps for successful dry mounting:
**1. Preparation is Key**
* **Cleanliness:** Thoroughly clean your work area. Dust and debris can interfere with the bond between the print and the mounting board. Use a lint-free cloth to wipe down your work surface.
* **Print Inspection:** Carefully examine your print for any imperfections, such as dust, fingerprints, or scratches. Gently remove any debris with a soft brush or compressed air. Cleaning the print beforehand is essential.
* **Mounting Board Preparation:** Wipe the surface of the mounting board with a lint-free cloth to remove any dust or dirt. Ensure the board is flat and free of any warps or bends.
* **Dry Mount Tissue Selection and Cutting:** Choose the appropriate dry mount tissue for your print and mounting board. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for recommended temperature and dwell time. Cut the tissue slightly larger than your print, allowing for overlap. Always err on the side of caution and provide enough overlap. Trim off excess once mounted.
**2. Tacking the Tissue to the Print**
* **Position the Tissue:** Place the dry mount tissue on a clean, flat surface with the adhesive side facing up. Carefully position your print on top of the tissue, ensuring it’s centered and aligned correctly.
* **Tack with a Tacking Iron:** Heat your tacking iron to the recommended temperature (usually a low setting). Gently lift a corner of the print and tack the tissue to the back of the print with the tacking iron. Apply the iron for a few seconds to create a temporary bond. Repeat this process at each corner and in the center of the print, working outwards. The goal is to create a temporary hold, so the print won’t shift during the next steps.
* **Important Note:** Do not apply too much pressure or heat with the tacking iron, as this could damage the print or the tissue.
**3. Tacking the Print/Tissue to the Mounting Board**
* **Position the Print:** Place the mounting board on your work surface. Carefully position the print (with the attached tissue) onto the mounting board, ensuring it’s centered and aligned correctly. Double-check your placement before proceeding.
* **Tack to the Board:** Using the tacking iron, lift a corner of the print and tack the tissue to the mounting board. Apply the iron for a few seconds. Repeat this process at each corner and in the center of the print, working outwards. The print should now be temporarily attached to the mounting board. Ensure the print lays flat and there are no creases or bubbles trapped.
**4. Dry Mounting in the Press**
* **Preheat the Press:** Turn on your dry mount press and set the temperature to the manufacturer’s recommended setting for the dry mount tissue you are using. Allow the press to fully preheat before proceeding. This usually takes 20-30 minutes.
* **Prepare the Sandwich:** Create a “sandwich” for the dry mount press. Place a sheet of release paper on the bottom platen of the press. Place the mounting board with the print and tissue on top of the release paper. Cover the print with another sheet of release paper. This protects both the print and the press from direct contact with the adhesive.
* **Apply Pressure and Heat:** Close the dry mount press and apply the recommended pressure. The pressure setting will vary depending on the type of press and the thickness of the mounting board. Consult your press’s manual for guidance. Set the timer for the recommended dwell time, as specified by the dry mount tissue manufacturer.
* **Complete the Cycle:** Allow the press to cycle through the complete heating and pressure cycle. Ensure that you don’t interrupt the cycle, or the bond may not form properly.
**5. Cooling and Finishing**
* **Cool Down:** Once the dwell time is complete, open the press and carefully remove the mounted print. Place it on a clean, flat surface. If you do not have a cold press feature on your dry mount press, place a heavy, flat object (e.g., a stack of books) on top of the mounted print to keep it flat while it cools. This prevents warping.
* **Trimming:** After the mounted print has completely cooled, use a craft knife or utility knife and a metal ruler to trim any excess mounting board. Cut carefully and precisely to create a clean, professional edge. Ensure the blade is sharp for a clean cut and prevent tearing the mounting board.
* **Edge Sealing (Optional):** For added protection, especially if using foam board, you can seal the edges of the mounted print with archival tape or edge sealant. This prevents moisture from seeping into the foam board and causing warping.
* **Final Inspection:** Perform a final inspection of the mounted print. Look for any imperfections, such as air bubbles, wrinkles, or loose edges. If you find any issues, you may need to reheat the print in the press for a shorter period.
## Troubleshooting Common Dry Mounting Problems
Even with careful preparation, you might encounter some common problems during dry mounting. Here’s how to troubleshoot them:
* **Air Bubbles:** Air bubbles are usually caused by insufficient pressure or heat during the dry mounting process. To fix this, reheat the mounted print in the press for a longer period with slightly increased pressure. Make sure the print lays flat on the mounting board when placed in the press. If the problem persists, there may be debris between the print and the mounting board, requiring you to remove the print and re-mount it.
* **Wrinkles:** Wrinkles can occur if the print or mounting board is not perfectly flat before mounting. Ensure both surfaces are smooth and free of any bends or warps. Applying too much heat too quickly can also cause wrinkles. Reduce the temperature slightly and increase the dwell time.
* **Insufficient Adhesion:** Insufficient adhesion can be caused by several factors, including insufficient heat, insufficient pressure, or using the wrong type of dry mount tissue. Double-check the manufacturer’s recommendations for temperature, pressure, and dwell time. Make sure the dry mount tissue is compatible with your print and mounting board. Sometimes, aging dry mount tissue can lose its adhesive properties.
* **Warping:** Warping can occur if the mounting board is not rigid enough or if the print is not allowed to cool down properly. Use a thicker, more rigid mounting board, such as Gatorboard or ACM. Ensure the mounted print is placed under a heavy, flat object while cooling.
* **Print Damage:** Print damage can be caused by excessive heat or pressure. Reduce the temperature and pressure slightly and monitor the print carefully during the dry mounting process. Always use release paper to protect the print from direct contact with the press.
* **Uneven Mounting:** Uneven mounting can occur if the print is not properly centered on the mounting board. Carefully position the print before tacking it to the board. Use a ruler or measuring tape to ensure accurate alignment.
## Alternative Dry Mounting Methods (Without a Press)
While a dry mount press is the ideal tool for dry mounting, there are alternative methods you can use if you don’t have access to one. These methods are not as precise or reliable as using a press, but they can be suitable for smaller prints and less demanding applications.
* **Ironing:** You can use a household iron to dry mount prints, but it requires careful technique and is not recommended for valuable or archival prints. Place the print and dry mount tissue between two sheets of release paper. Set the iron to a low heat setting (no steam) and gently iron the entire surface of the print, applying even pressure. Start from the center and work outwards. Be extremely careful not to scorch the print or overheat the tissue. This method is prone to uneven adhesion and is best avoided for critical projects.
* **Laminator (with modifications):** Some laminators can be adapted for dry mounting, but it requires careful temperature control and modifications. The key is to regulate the temperature to match the specific dry mount tissue. The laminator will act as a heated roller, applying pressure and heat as the print passes through. This method requires experimentation and is not suitable for all laminators.
## Choosing the Right Dry Mount Tissue
Selecting the right dry mount tissue is crucial for achieving a successful and long-lasting bond. Consider the following factors when choosing a tissue:
* **Print Type:** Different types of prints require different types of adhesive. For example, resin-coated (RC) prints require a tissue with a lower activation temperature than fiber-based prints.
* **Mounting Board Type:** The type of mounting board also affects the choice of tissue. Foam board requires a tissue with a lower activation temperature to prevent warping.
* **Archival Quality:** If you’re mounting archival prints, choose a tissue that is acid-free and lignin-free to prevent discoloration and degradation over time.
* **Reversibility:** Some dry mount tissues are reversible, meaning the print can be removed from the mounting board without damaging the print. This is useful for prints that may need to be remounted in the future. However, reversible tissues generally have a weaker bond than permanent tissues.
* **Thickness:** Thicker tissues generally provide a stronger bond, but they may also be more visible around the edges of the print.
* **Manufacturer Recommendations:** Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for temperature, pressure, and dwell time when using a specific dry mount tissue.
Popular brands include Seal and Drytac. Always research and select a trusted brand to achieve consistent results.
## Cutting Mounted Prints: Achieving Clean and Accurate Edges
Cutting a mounted print requires precision and the right tools. Here’s a breakdown of the process:
* **Sharp Blade:** A sharp blade is essential for a clean cut. Use a new blade for each project or replace the blade frequently.
* **Metal Ruler:** A metal ruler or straightedge is crucial for guiding the blade and ensuring a straight cut.
* **Cutting Mat:** Use a self-healing cutting mat to protect your work surface and extend the life of your blades.
* **Multiple Passes:** Instead of trying to cut through the mounting board in one pass, use multiple light passes with the blade. This will create a cleaner, more accurate cut.
* **Consistent Pressure:** Apply consistent pressure to the blade throughout the cut. Avoid pressing too hard, which can cause the blade to slip.
* **Angle the Blade:** Slightly angle the blade away from the ruler to prevent it from slipping underneath.
* **Practice:** Practice cutting on scrap pieces of mounting board before cutting your final print.
* **Safety:** Always use caution when working with sharp blades. Keep your fingers away from the cutting path and wear cut-resistant gloves for added protection.
## Conclusion
Dry mounting is a rewarding skill that can significantly enhance the presentation and longevity of your prints. By following the steps outlined in this guide and taking the time to practice, you can achieve professional-quality results. Remember to prioritize cleanliness, use the right materials, and follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for temperature, pressure, and dwell time. With a little patience and attention to detail, you’ll be able to create stunning mounted prints that will last for years to come. The permanence and professional look are a huge benefit to this process. Consider purchasing a used dry mount press to make this process easier. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different mounting boards and dry mount tissues to find the combination that works best for you and your artistic vision.