DIY Reusable Menstrual Pads: A Step-by-Step Guide
Are you looking for an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to disposable menstrual pads? Making your own reusable menstrual pads is a fantastic way to reduce waste, save money, and have more control over the materials that come into contact with your body. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the entire process, from choosing the right materials to sewing your own comfortable and absorbent pads.
## Why Choose Reusable Menstrual Pads?
Before we dive into the how-to, let’s explore the many benefits of switching to reusable menstrual pads:
* **Eco-Friendly:** Disposable pads contribute significantly to landfill waste. Reusable pads drastically reduce your environmental footprint.
* **Cost-Effective:** While the initial investment might seem higher, reusable pads save you money in the long run as you won’t need to repurchase them monthly.
* **Healthier:** You can choose natural, breathable fabrics like cotton, bamboo, and flannel, avoiding the chemicals and synthetic materials often found in disposable pads that can cause irritation.
* **Customizable:** You can tailor the size, shape, and absorbency of your pads to suit your individual needs and flow.
* **Comfortable:** Many people find reusable pads more comfortable than disposable ones, especially those made with soft, natural fabrics.
* **Empowering:** Making your own pads can be a deeply empowering experience, connecting you more closely to your body and your cycle.
## Materials You’ll Need
Here’s a list of the materials you’ll need to create your own reusable menstrual pads. You can find these at most fabric stores or online:
* **Fabric for the Top Layer (next to your skin):**
* **Cotton Flannel:** Soft, absorbent, and widely available. Choose organic cotton flannel for an even healthier option.
* **Cotton Velour:** Very soft and gentle on the skin, making it a good choice for sensitive skin.
* **Bamboo Fleece:** Highly absorbent, naturally antibacterial, and very soft. A great option for heavy flow.
* **Minky Fabric:** Although synthetic, some people prefer minky for its softness. If you choose minky, ensure it’s a high-quality, breathable variety.
* **Fabric for the Absorbent Core (internal layers):**
* **Cotton Flannel:** Works well for light to moderate absorbency. You can use multiple layers for increased absorbency.
* **Zorb Fabric:** A super absorbent fabric specifically designed for reusable pads and diapers. A small amount of Zorb goes a long way.
* **Hemp Fleece:** Another highly absorbent and natural option. Can be a bit more expensive than cotton flannel.
* **Cotton Terry Cloth:** A readily available and absorbent option, but can be a bit bulky.
* **Fabric for the Backing (waterproof layer):**
* **PUL (Polyurethane Laminate):** A waterproof and breathable fabric commonly used in cloth diapers. Essential for preventing leaks.
* **TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane):** Similar to PUL but considered more environmentally friendly. Also waterproof and breathable.
* **Fleece (with a waterproof backing):** Some fleece fabrics have a built-in waterproof layer, which can be a good option. Make sure it’s truly waterproof.
* **Snaps or Velcro:** For securing the pad around your underwear. Snaps are more durable and eco-friendly, while Velcro is easier to adjust.
* **Thread:** Choose a strong, durable thread that matches your fabrics.
* **Sewing Machine (optional):** While you can hand-sew these pads, a sewing machine will make the process much faster and easier.
* **Scissors or Rotary Cutter:** For cutting the fabric.
* **Pins or Fabric Clips:** For holding the fabric layers together.
* **Ruler or Measuring Tape:** For accurate measurements.
* **Pattern (printable or self-made):** You can find free printable patterns online, or create your own based on a pad you already like.
* **Paper and Pencil (if creating your own pattern):**
* **Iron and Ironing Board:** For pressing the fabric.
## Designing Your Pad Pattern
There are several ways to obtain a pad pattern:
* **Download a Free Printable Pattern:** Many websites offer free, downloadable patterns for reusable menstrual pads in various sizes and shapes. Search online for “free reusable menstrual pad pattern.”
* **Trace an Existing Pad:** If you have a disposable or reusable pad that you like the shape and size of, you can carefully trace it onto paper. Remember to add seam allowance (approximately 1/4 to 1/2 inch) around the traced outline.
* **Create Your Own Pattern:** This gives you the most control over the final design. Here’s how to create your own pattern:
1. **Determine the Length and Width:** Decide how long and wide you want your pad to be. Consider your flow and the size of your underwear.
2. **Draw the Basic Shape:** Start by drawing a rectangle that matches your desired length and width. You can then round the corners and shape the ends to create a more contoured design.
3. **Add Wings:** The wings are the part of the pad that wraps around your underwear and secures it in place. Draw two wings extending from the sides of the pad, tapering them towards the ends. The width of the wings will depend on the width of your underwear crotch.
4. **Add Seam Allowance:** Add a seam allowance of approximately 1/4 to 1/2 inch around the entire pattern. This extra fabric will be used for sewing the pad together.
5. **Label Your Pattern:** Clearly label your pattern pieces (top layer, absorbent core, backing) and mark the fold lines for the wings.
## Cutting the Fabric
Once you have your pattern, it’s time to cut the fabric. Here’s how:
1. **Prepare Your Fabric:** Wash, dry, and iron your fabric to pre-shrink it and remove any wrinkles. This will prevent the pad from shrinking after it’s sewn.
2. **Lay Out Your Pattern:** Place your pattern pieces onto the fabric, making sure to align the grain of the fabric with the pattern. The grain refers to the direction of the threads in the fabric. Aligning the grain will prevent the fabric from stretching or distorting.
3. **Pin or Clip the Pattern:** Secure the pattern pieces to the fabric using pins or fabric clips. Make sure the pattern is lying flat and smooth.
4. **Cut the Fabric:** Carefully cut around the pattern pieces using scissors or a rotary cutter. Cut accurately to ensure that the pad fits together properly.
5. **Repeat for Each Layer:** Cut out the top layer, absorbent core, and backing layers using the appropriate fabric for each layer. Remember that the absorbent core may consist of multiple layers.
## Assembling the Pad
Now that you have all the fabric pieces cut out, it’s time to assemble the pad. Here’s how:
1. **Layer the Fabrics:** Place the backing layer (PUL or TPU) face down. This means the right side of the fabric should be facing the table. Then, layer the absorbent core on top of the backing layer. Finally, place the top layer (flannel, velour, or bamboo fleece) face up, on top of the absorbent core. This means the right side of the fabric should be facing you.
2. **Pin or Clip the Layers:** Secure all the layers together using pins or fabric clips. Make sure the layers are aligned properly and that there are no wrinkles or puckers.
3. **Sew Around the Edge:** Using a sewing machine or hand-sewing, sew around the edge of the pad, leaving a small opening (about 2-3 inches) for turning. Use a straight stitch or a zigzag stitch. If using a sewing machine, set the stitch length to a medium setting.
4. **Trim the Seam Allowance:** Trim the seam allowance around the edge of the pad to reduce bulk. Be careful not to cut into the stitching. You can use pinking shears to prevent the fabric from fraying.
5. **Turn the Pad Right Side Out:** Carefully turn the pad right side out through the opening you left. Use a point turner or a blunt object to push out the corners and edges.
6. **Press the Pad:** Iron the pad to flatten the seams and give it a professional finish. Fold in the edges of the opening and press them in place.
7. **Topstitch Around the Edge:** Topstitch around the edge of the pad, close to the edge, to close the opening and give the pad a more finished look. This will also help to prevent the layers from shifting.
## Adding the Snaps or Velcro
Now it’s time to add the snaps or Velcro to secure the pad around your underwear.
**For Snaps:**
1. **Mark the Snap Placement:** Determine where you want the snaps to be placed on the wings of the pad. Typically, one snap is placed on each wing, near the end.
2. **Attach the Snaps:** Use a snap pliers or a snap press to attach the snaps to the wings. Make sure the snaps are securely attached and that they line up properly so that the pad can be fastened securely.
**For Velcro:**
1. **Cut the Velcro:** Cut two pieces of Velcro, one hook side and one loop side, to the desired length.
2. **Sew the Velcro:** Sew the hook side of the Velcro to the outside of one wing and the loop side of the Velcro to the inside of the other wing. Make sure the Velcro is securely sewn in place.
## Making Different Absorbency Pads
To make pads with different levels of absorbency, you can adjust the number of absorbent layers in the core. Here are some guidelines:
* **Light Flow:** 1-2 layers of cotton flannel or 1 layer of Zorb.
* **Moderate Flow:** 3-4 layers of cotton flannel or 2 layers of Zorb.
* **Heavy Flow:** 5-6 layers of cotton flannel, 1-2 layers of hemp fleece, or 3 layers of Zorb.
You can also combine different absorbent materials to create a custom absorbency level. For example, you could use 2 layers of cotton flannel and 1 layer of hemp fleece for a moderate to heavy flow pad.
## Tips for Success
* **Choose High-Quality Fabrics:** Using high-quality fabrics will result in a more durable and comfortable pad.
* **Pre-Wash Your Fabrics:** Pre-washing your fabrics will prevent the pad from shrinking after it’s sewn.
* **Use Sharp Scissors or a Rotary Cutter:** Sharp cutting tools will make it easier to cut the fabric accurately.
* **Pin or Clip the Layers Securely:** Pinning or clipping the layers together will prevent them from shifting while you sew.
* **Sew Slowly and Carefully:** Sewing slowly and carefully will result in a more professional-looking pad.
* **Use a Ballpoint Needle:** A ballpoint needle is designed for knit fabrics and will prevent the fabric from snagging.
* **Experiment with Different Fabrics and Designs:** Don’t be afraid to experiment with different fabrics and designs to find what works best for you.
## Caring for Your Reusable Pads
Proper care is essential to ensure the longevity and hygiene of your reusable menstrual pads. Here’s a guide to washing and storing your pads:
* **Rinse After Use:** After using a pad, rinse it thoroughly with cold water until the water runs clear. This will help to remove blood stains and prevent them from setting.
* **Wash in Cold Water:** Wash your pads in cold water with a mild detergent. Avoid using bleach or fabric softeners, as they can damage the fabrics and irritate your skin.
* **Hand Wash or Machine Wash:** You can hand wash your pads or machine wash them in a garment bag to protect them from damage. If machine washing, use a gentle cycle.
* **Dry on Low Heat or Air Dry:** Dry your pads on low heat in the dryer or air dry them. Avoid using high heat, as it can damage the PUL layer and cause the pads to shrink. Air drying is the most gentle option and will help to extend the life of your pads.
* **Sun Dry (Optional):** Sun drying can help to remove stains and kill bacteria. However, prolonged exposure to sunlight can fade the colors of the fabric.
* **Storage:** Store your clean, dry pads in a clean, dry place, such as a drawer or a storage bag.
## Troubleshooting
* **Leaks:** If your pads are leaking, it could be due to several factors:
* **Not Enough Absorbency:** Add more absorbent layers to the core of the pad.
* **Incorrect Fit:** Make sure the pad is the right size and shape for your underwear.
* **Damaged PUL Layer:** Inspect the PUL layer for any tears or holes. If the PUL layer is damaged, the pad may need to be replaced.
* **Stains:** If your pads are stained, try soaking them in cold water with a stain remover before washing. You can also try sun drying them, as sunlight can help to bleach out stains.
* **Odor:** If your pads have an odor, make sure you are rinsing them thoroughly after use and washing them regularly. You can also add a few drops of tea tree oil to the wash water, as tea tree oil has antibacterial properties.
* **Irritation:** If your pads are causing irritation, try switching to a different fabric for the top layer. You may be sensitive to certain fabrics.
## Variations and Customizations
* **Different Shapes:** Experiment with different shapes, such as contoured pads or pads with flared ends.
* **Different Sizes:** Make pads in different sizes to accommodate different flow levels and underwear sizes.
* **Foldable Pads:** Create pads that fold up for easy storage and transport.
* **All-in-One Pads:** Sew the layers together in a way that allows the pad to be washed as a single unit.
* **Removable Inserts:** Create pads with removable inserts that can be changed throughout the day for increased absorbency.
## Final Thoughts
Making your own reusable menstrual pads is a rewarding and sustainable way to manage your period. By following this guide, you can create comfortable, absorbent, and eco-friendly pads that are tailored to your individual needs. So gather your materials, get creative, and start sewing! You’ll be reducing waste, saving money, and taking control of your period in no time.
Happy sewing!