DIY Skateboard: A Comprehensive Guide to Building Your Own

So, you want to build your own skateboard? That’s awesome! Not only is it a fun and rewarding project, but it also allows you to customize your ride to your exact preferences. This comprehensive guide will walk you through every step of the process, from choosing your materials to assembling your finished board. Get ready to unleash your inner craftsman and create a skateboard that’s truly your own!

Why Build Your Own Skateboard?

Before we dive in, let’s consider the benefits of building your own skateboard:

* **Customization:** You have complete control over the deck shape, size, concave, and graphics. This lets you tailor the board to your riding style and preferences.
* **Cost Savings (Potentially):** While high-quality materials can be pricey, you might save money compared to buying a complete, professional-grade skateboard, especially if you source materials cleverly.
* **Learning Experience:** Building a skateboard is a fantastic way to learn about the mechanics and construction of skateboarding. You’ll gain a deeper understanding of how each component works and how they contribute to the overall performance.
* **Pride and Accomplishment:** There’s nothing quite like riding a skateboard you built yourself. The satisfaction of creating something with your own hands is incredibly rewarding.
* **Sustainability:** By using recycled or sustainably sourced materials, you can create an environmentally friendly skateboard.

What You’ll Need: Materials and Tools

Here’s a detailed list of the materials and tools you’ll need for this project:

Materials:

* **Wood Veneer:** This is the heart of your skateboard deck. You’ll need several layers of thin wood veneer, typically maple, to create a strong and flexible deck. Look for veneer that is specifically designed for skateboard construction. 7-9 plies is common. Baltic birch plywood can also be used for a more affordable, but potentially stiffer, deck.

* **Quantity:** Aim for at least 7-9 plies of veneer.
* **Thickness:** Each ply should be approximately 1/16 inch (1.5mm) thick.
* **Type:** Hard maple is the most common and recommended choice. Baltic birch is a cheaper alternative.
* **Dimensions:** The veneer sheets need to be large enough to accommodate your desired deck size and shape. A common size is around 33 inches long by 9-10 inches wide per sheet, allowing for trimming.

* **Wood Glue:** Use a high-quality wood glue specifically designed for laminating wood. It should be waterproof or water-resistant to withstand the elements and prevent delamination. Titebond III is a popular and reliable choice.

* **Type:** Waterproof or water-resistant wood glue.
* **Brand:** Titebond III is a widely recommended option.
* **Quantity:** One bottle should be sufficient for several skateboard decks.

* **Skateboard Trucks:** These attach the wheels to the deck and allow you to steer. Choose trucks based on your riding style (street, park, cruising) and deck width. The truck hanger width should match your deck width for optimal performance. Common brands include Independent, Thunder, Venture, and Ace.

* **Size:** Match the truck hanger width to your deck width (e.g., 149mm hanger for an 8.25-inch deck).
* **Type:** Choose trucks based on your riding style (street, park, cruising).
* **Brand:** Independent, Thunder, Venture, and Ace are popular choices.

* **Skateboard Wheels:** The wheels determine your speed and the smoothness of your ride. Choose wheels based on the type of terrain you’ll be skating on and your personal preferences. Harder wheels are faster and better for smooth surfaces, while softer wheels are better for rough surfaces and provide more grip. Wheel diameter is also important; larger wheels roll faster but are less responsive.

* **Durometer (Hardness):** Choose based on terrain (softer for rough, harder for smooth).
* **Diameter:** Choose based on preference (larger for speed, smaller for responsiveness).
* **Type:** Street, park, cruising, longboard wheels are all options.

* **Skateboard Bearings:** These allow the wheels to spin freely. ABEC ratings indicate the precision of the bearings, with higher numbers generally indicating smoother and faster rides. However, for skateboarding, ABEC ratings are less critical than durability. Brands like Bones Reds are a popular and reliable choice.

* **Type:** Standard skateboard bearings (608 size).
* **Brand:** Bones Reds are a popular and reliable option.
* **ABEC Rating:** Not as crucial as durability for skateboarding.

* **Grip Tape:** This provides traction for your feet on the deck. It’s typically a gritty, sandpaper-like material with an adhesive backing. Black grip tape is the most common, but you can find it in various colors and designs. Mob Grip and Jessup are well-regarded brands.

* **Type:** Standard skateboard grip tape.
* **Brand:** Mob Grip and Jessup are popular choices.
* **Size:** Large enough to cover the entire deck surface.

* **Skateboard Hardware:** This includes the nuts and bolts that hold the trucks to the deck. You’ll need eight bolts and eight nuts. Recessed hardware is recommended for a flush finish. Choose the length based on whether you are using riser pads.

* **Type:** Standard skateboard hardware (8 bolts, 8 nuts).
* **Length:** Choose based on whether you’re using riser pads.
* **Recessed:** Recommended for a flush finish.

* **Riser Pads (Optional):** These are placed between the trucks and the deck to raise the deck height and prevent wheelbite (when the wheels rub against the deck during turns). They also help absorb shock. Choose the thickness based on your wheel size and truck geometry. Riser pads aren’t always required but are often used with larger wheels.

* **Thickness:** Choose based on wheel size and truck geometry.
* **Purpose:** Prevent wheelbite and absorb shock.

* **Finishing Supplies (Optional):** If you want to customize the appearance of your deck, you’ll need sandpaper (various grits), primer, paint, varnish, or polyurethane.

* **Sandpaper:** Various grits for smoothing the deck.
* **Primer:** To prepare the surface for paint.
* **Paint:** Acrylic paint or spray paint for graphics.
* **Varnish or Polyurethane:** To seal and protect the paint.

Tools:

* **Skateboard Mold (Press):** This is the most critical tool for shaping your deck. You can purchase a pre-made mold or build your own. A mold provides the desired concave and contours to the deck during the pressing process. Vacuum presses are the most effective, but simpler hinged presses can also work.

* **Type:** Vacuum press or hinged press.
* **Purpose:** To shape the deck with the desired concave and contours.

* **Wood Clamps:** Several wood clamps are needed to apply pressure to the veneer layers while the glue dries. The more clamps you have, the better. C-clamps or pipe clamps are suitable.

* **Type:** C-clamps or pipe clamps.
* **Quantity:** The more, the better.

* **Jigsaw or Bandsaw:** This is used to cut the deck shape after pressing. A jigsaw is more readily available and affordable, but a bandsaw provides cleaner and more precise cuts.

* **Type:** Jigsaw or bandsaw.
* **Purpose:** To cut the deck shape after pressing.

* **Sander or Sandpaper:** A sander (orbital or belt sander) will greatly speed up the process of smoothing the edges of the deck after cutting. If you don’t have a power sander, you can use sandpaper with a sanding block.

* **Type:** Orbital sander, belt sander, or sandpaper with a sanding block.
* **Purpose:** To smooth the edges of the deck after cutting.

* **Drill with Drill Bits:** You’ll need a drill to create the holes for the truck mounting hardware. Use a drill bit that matches the size of the hardware bolts.

* **Purpose:** To drill holes for truck mounting hardware.

* **Skateboard Tool or Wrench Set:** This is used to assemble the trucks, wheels, and bearings. A standard skateboard tool combines multiple wrenches and a screwdriver into one convenient tool. You can also use a separate wrench set.

* **Purpose:** To assemble the trucks, wheels, and bearings.

* **Safety Glasses:** Protect your eyes from wood dust and debris.
* **Dust Mask or Respirator:** Protect your lungs from wood dust.
* **Measuring Tape or Ruler:** For accurate measurements.
* **Pencil:** For marking and drawing.
* **Scissors or Utility Knife:** For cutting grip tape.
* **Heat Gun or Hair Dryer (Optional):** To help soften grip tape for easier application.

Step-by-Step Guide to Building Your Skateboard

Now that you have all your materials and tools, let’s get started with the building process.

Step 1: Preparing the Veneer

* **Cutting the Veneer:**

* Determine the size and shape of your desired deck. A typical skateboard deck is around 30-33 inches long and 8-9 inches wide.
* Cut the veneer sheets to the required size, allowing for some extra material around the edges for trimming later. Use a sharp utility knife or scissors for this.
* **Arranging the Veneer:**

* The grain direction of the veneer layers is crucial for the strength and flexibility of the deck. Alternate the grain direction of each layer. Typically, the two outer layers have the grain running lengthwise (along the length of the deck), while the inner layers have the grain running crosswise (across the width of the deck) or at an angle.
* This alternating grain pattern creates a strong, stable, and flexible composite structure.
* **Dry Run (Highly Recommended):**

* Before applying any glue, do a dry run of the pressing process. This will help you understand how the veneer layers will fit together in the mold and identify any potential problems.
* Place the veneer layers in the mold in the correct order and grain direction. Ensure they are aligned and evenly distributed.
* This step allows you to make adjustments and avoid mistakes when the glue is applied.

Step 2: Gluing and Pressing the Deck

* **Applying the Glue:**

* Work in a well-ventilated area, as wood glue can release fumes.
* Lay down a protective layer (such as plastic sheeting or newspaper) to protect your work surface from glue spills.
* Apply a thin, even layer of wood glue to one side of each veneer sheet. Use a brush, roller, or spreader to ensure complete coverage.
* Don’t over-apply the glue, as this can create air bubbles and weaken the bond.
* Ensure every ply is covered edge to edge.
* **Assembling the Veneer Stack:**

* Carefully stack the veneer sheets on top of each other in the correct order and grain direction, starting with the bottom layer.
* Align the edges of the sheets as precisely as possible.
* Once the stack is assembled, double-check the alignment and ensure there are no gaps or overlaps.
* **Placing in the Mold:**

* Carefully place the glued veneer stack into the skateboard mold.
* Ensure the stack is centered in the mold and evenly distributed.
* If using a vacuum press, place the mold inside the vacuum bag and seal it tightly.
* If using a hinged press, ensure the veneer stack is properly positioned between the mold halves.
* **Pressing the Deck:**

* **Vacuum Press:** Turn on the vacuum pump and allow it to evacuate the air from the bag. The vacuum pressure will force the veneer layers to conform to the shape of the mold.
* **Hinged Press:** Tighten the clamps evenly around the mold, applying consistent pressure to the veneer layers. Start with the clamps in the center and work your way outwards.
* Maintain consistent pressure throughout the pressing process to ensure a strong and uniform bond.
* **Curing Time:**

* Allow the glue to cure for the recommended time specified by the glue manufacturer. This is typically 6-8 hours, but it can vary depending on the type of glue and the ambient temperature.
* Do not remove the deck from the mold until the glue is completely cured.
* Patience is key here. Premature removal can result in delamination or warping.

Step 3: Cutting and Shaping the Deck

* **Removing from the Mold:**

* Once the glue is fully cured, carefully remove the deck from the mold.
* If using a vacuum press, release the vacuum pressure and open the bag.
* If using a hinged press, loosen the clamps evenly and carefully separate the mold halves.
* **Tracing the Shape:**

* Use a template to trace the desired skateboard deck shape onto the pressed deck. You can create your own template from cardboard or purchase a pre-made template.
* Ensure the template is centered on the deck and aligned with the grain direction.
* Use a pencil to trace the outline of the template onto the deck.
* **Cutting the Deck:**

* Use a jigsaw or bandsaw to cut along the traced outline. Cut slowly and carefully to avoid splintering or chipping the wood.
* Follow the line as precisely as possible for a clean and accurate cut.
* If using a jigsaw, use a fine-tooth blade designed for cutting curves.
* If using a bandsaw, adjust the blade tension and speed for optimal cutting performance.
* **Sanding the Edges:**

* Use a sander (orbital or belt sander) or sandpaper to smooth the edges of the deck. Start with a coarse grit sandpaper (e.g., 80 grit) to remove any rough edges or imperfections.
* Then, gradually move to finer grits (e.g., 120 grit, 220 grit) to create a smooth and rounded edge.
* Pay close attention to the concave areas of the deck, as these can be more difficult to sand evenly.
* Round over the edges to make the board more comfortable to hold and ride.

Step 4: Drilling Truck Mounting Holes

* **Marking the Hole Positions:**

* Use a truck mounting template or the trucks themselves to mark the positions of the truck mounting holes on the deck. Most trucks have a standard hole pattern, but it’s always best to double-check.
* Ensure the holes are evenly spaced and aligned with the center of the deck.
* Use a ruler or measuring tape to verify the hole spacing.
* **Drilling the Holes:**

* Use a drill with a drill bit that matches the size of the truck mounting hardware bolts.
* Place the deck on a stable surface and use a clamp to secure it in place.
* Drill the holes straight and perpendicular to the deck surface. Avoid angling the drill, as this can cause the hardware to loosen over time.
* Drill slowly and carefully to prevent splintering or cracking the wood.
* Consider using a countersink bit to create a recessed area for the bolt heads, allowing them to sit flush with the deck surface.

Step 5: Applying Grip Tape

* **Preparing the Deck:**

* Ensure the deck surface is clean, dry, and free of dust or debris. Use a brush or cloth to wipe down the deck.
* If you’ve recently sanded the deck, make sure to remove any sanding dust.
* **Cutting the Grip Tape:**

* Place the grip tape over the deck and trace the outline of the deck onto the grip tape. Use a pencil or marker.
* Cut the grip tape slightly larger than the deck outline, leaving some excess material around the edges.
* Use scissors or a utility knife to cut the grip tape.
* **Applying the Grip Tape:**

* Peel off the backing from the grip tape, exposing the adhesive surface.
* Carefully align the grip tape with the deck outline, ensuring it’s centered and evenly positioned.
* Start at one end of the deck and slowly apply the grip tape, smoothing it out as you go. Use a roller or a hard object (like a screwdriver handle) to press the grip tape firmly onto the deck surface.
* Work your way across the entire deck, making sure to eliminate any air bubbles or wrinkles.
* If you encounter any air bubbles, use a needle or pin to poke a small hole in the grip tape and release the air.
* **Trimming the Excess Grip Tape:**

* Use a utility knife to trim the excess grip tape around the edges of the deck. Hold the knife at a slight angle and carefully cut along the edge of the deck.
* Sand the edges of the grip tape with a piece of scrap grip tape to create a clean and smooth finish. This will also help prevent the grip tape from peeling up over time.

Step 6: Assembling the Skateboard

* **Mounting the Trucks:**

* Align the truck mounting holes with the holes on the deck.
* Insert the truck mounting bolts through the holes in the deck and into the baseplate of the trucks.
* Secure the bolts with the truck mounting nuts. Use a skateboard tool or a wrench set to tighten the nuts.
* Tighten the nuts evenly and securely, but don’t overtighten them, as this can damage the deck or the trucks.
* **Installing the Bearings:**

* Insert one bearing into each side of the wheel. Use a bearing press or a skateboard tool to gently push the bearings into the wheels.
* Ensure the bearings are fully seated in the wheels.
* Be careful not to damage the bearings during installation.
* **Mounting the Wheels:**

* Slide the wheels onto the axles of the trucks.
* Secure the wheels with the axle nuts. Use a skateboard tool or a wrench set to tighten the nuts.
* Tighten the nuts until the wheels spin freely, but don’t overtighten them, as this can restrict the wheel’s movement.
* Check the wheel spin and adjust the nut tightness as needed.

Step 7: Finishing and Customization (Optional)

* **Sanding and Painting:**

* If you want to customize the appearance of your deck, you can sand it down and paint it. Use sandpaper to smooth the deck surface and create a smooth base for the paint.
* Apply a primer coat to the deck to help the paint adhere better.
* Use acrylic paint or spray paint to create your desired graphics or design.
* Allow the paint to dry completely before applying a clear coat.
* **Applying a Clear Coat:**

* Apply a clear coat of varnish or polyurethane to protect the paint and seal the deck. This will also help prevent the paint from chipping or fading over time.
* Apply several thin coats of clear coat, allowing each coat to dry completely before applying the next.
* Sand the deck lightly between coats to create a smooth and even finish.
* **Adding Custom Graphics:**

* You can add custom graphics to your deck using stencils, paint markers, or vinyl stickers.
* Get creative and personalize your deck with your own unique designs.
* **Applying Edge Protection:**

* Apply edge protection strips to the edges of the deck to prevent chipping and damage. This is especially useful if you’re doing a lot of street skating.

Tips for Success

* **Take Your Time:** Building a skateboard takes time and patience. Don’t rush the process, and pay attention to detail.
* **Work in a Clean and Organized Workspace:** A clean workspace will help you stay organized and avoid mistakes.
* **Use High-Quality Materials:** Using high-quality materials will result in a more durable and reliable skateboard.
* **Follow Instructions Carefully:** Read and follow the instructions carefully for each step of the process.
* **Don’t Be Afraid to Ask for Help:** If you’re unsure about something, don’t hesitate to ask for help from experienced skateboarders or woodworkers.
* **Safety First:** Always wear safety glasses and a dust mask when working with wood and power tools.
* **Practice Safe Skating:** Wear a helmet and pads when skating.

Conclusion

Building your own skateboard is a rewarding and fulfilling project. By following this comprehensive guide, you can create a custom skateboard that reflects your personal style and riding preferences. Enjoy the process, and have fun skating your new creation! Remember to always prioritize safety and practice responsibly. Happy skating!