How to Get an MMSI Number: A Comprehensive Guide for Boaters

Navigating the waters, whether for leisure or professional purposes, requires a strong commitment to safety. One essential piece of the safety puzzle is the Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number. An MMSI is a nine-digit number that serves as a unique identifier for a vessel, similar to a phone number for your boat. It’s crucial for distress communications, especially when using modern marine electronics like Digital Selective Calling (DSC) radios, Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders, and Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs). This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about obtaining an MMSI number, covering eligibility requirements, application processes, and important considerations.

Why You Need an MMSI Number

Before diving into the application process, let’s understand why an MMSI number is so vital for boaters:

* **Distress Communications:** In an emergency, a DSC radio can transmit your MMSI number along with your vessel’s position to the Coast Guard and other nearby vessels equipped with DSC. This allows for rapid identification and response, significantly increasing your chances of a successful rescue.
* **AIS Functionality:** AIS transponders broadcast your vessel’s MMSI, position, speed, and other information to nearby vessels and shore-based stations. This enhances situational awareness and helps prevent collisions, particularly in congested waterways or during periods of reduced visibility.
* **EPIRB Activation:** When an EPIRB is activated, it transmits your MMSI number to search and rescue authorities via satellite. This allows them to quickly identify your vessel and access vital information about your boat and its registered owner, facilitating a more efficient rescue operation.
* **Legal Requirements:** In some jurisdictions, having an MMSI number is mandatory for vessels equipped with certain types of radio equipment or operating in specific waters. Check the regulations in your area to ensure compliance.
* **International Travel:** If you plan to travel internationally, an MMSI number is essential for communicating with foreign authorities and participating in maritime safety networks.

Who Needs an MMSI Number?

The need for an MMSI number depends on several factors, including the type of vessel you own, the equipment you have on board, and where you plan to operate. Generally, you should consider obtaining an MMSI number if:

* You have a VHF radio with DSC capabilities.
* You have an AIS transponder.
* You have an EPIRB.
* You operate in waters where an MMSI is required.
* You travel internationally.

Even if you don’t currently have any of these devices, obtaining an MMSI number is a good idea if you plan to acquire them in the future. It’s better to be prepared than to be caught off guard in an emergency.

Where to Get an MMSI Number

In the United States, several organizations are authorized to issue MMSI numbers, each catering to different types of boaters:

* **United States Coast Guard Auxiliary (USCGA):** The USCGA offers free MMSI numbers to recreational boaters who are members of the Auxiliary. This is often the most cost-effective option, but it requires joining the USCGA and completing their membership requirements.
* **Boat Owners Association of The United States (BoatUS):** BoatUS provides MMSI numbers to its members for a fee. This is a convenient option for boaters who are already BoatUS members or who are looking for additional benefits like towing services and insurance discounts.
* **Sea Tow Services International:** Sea Tow also offers MMSI numbers to its members for a fee. Similar to BoatUS, Sea Tow provides a range of services for boaters, including towing, salvage, and assistance with breakdowns.
* **FCC (Federal Communications Commission):** The FCC issues MMSI numbers through Ship Station Licenses. A Ship Station License is required if you make international voyages, or if your vessel is over 300 gross tons. It is also required if you operate with more than 6 passengers for hire. If none of these conditions apply to you, you do not require a Ship Station License from the FCC and should obtain your MMSI from one of the organizations above.

Outside the United States, the process for obtaining an MMSI number may vary depending on your country’s regulations. Contact your local maritime authority for more information.

Step-by-Step Guide to Obtaining an MMSI Number

Now, let’s walk through the process of obtaining an MMSI number from each of the organizations mentioned above:

1. United States Coast Guard Auxiliary (USCGA)

This is often the most economical option for recreational boaters.

**Steps:**

1. **Become a Member:** You must first become a member of the USCGA. Visit the USCGA website ([https://join.cgaux.org/](https://join.cgaux.org/)) to learn about membership requirements and find a local flotilla.
2. **Complete Membership Requirements:** This typically involves attending meetings, participating in training exercises, and volunteering for various activities. Contact your local flotilla for details on specific requirements.
3. **Apply for an MMSI Number:** Once you are a member in good standing, you can apply for an MMSI number through the USCGA’s online portal. You will need to provide information about your vessel, radio equipment, and emergency contacts.
4. **Submit Your Application:** Review your application carefully and submit it electronically.
5. **Receive Your MMSI Number:** If your application is approved, you will receive your MMSI number via email or mail. This process can take several weeks, so plan accordingly.

**Pros:** Free (after USCGA membership fees).

**Cons:** Requires USCGA membership, which involves time commitment and participation in activities.

2. Boat Owners Association of The United States (BoatUS)

BoatUS offers a convenient option for boaters who want additional benefits and services.

**Steps:**

1. **Become a BoatUS Member:** Visit the BoatUS website ([https://www.boatus.com/](https://www.boatus.com/)) and sign up for a membership. Choose a membership level that suits your needs and budget.
2. **Apply for an MMSI Number:** Once you are a member, you can apply for an MMSI number through the BoatUS website. Log in to your account and navigate to the MMSI application page.
3. **Provide Vessel Information:** You will need to provide detailed information about your vessel, including its name, length, hull identification number (HIN), and type of construction.
4. **Provide Radio Equipment Information:** You will need to provide information about your VHF radio, including its make, model, and DSC capabilities. You may also need to provide information about your AIS transponder and EPIRB, if applicable.
5. **Provide Emergency Contact Information:** You will need to provide contact information for at least two emergency contacts who can be reached in case of an emergency.
6. **Pay the Fee:** BoatUS charges a fee for issuing MMSI numbers. The fee varies depending on your membership level. Follow the instructions on the website to pay the fee securely online.
7. **Submit Your Application:** Review your application carefully and submit it electronically.
8. **Receive Your MMSI Number:** If your application is approved, you will receive your MMSI number via email or mail. This process typically takes a few business days.

**Pros:** Convenient, relatively quick processing time, access to other BoatUS benefits.

**Cons:** Requires BoatUS membership fee, MMSI issuance fee.

3. Sea Tow Services International

Sea Tow offers a similar service to BoatUS, providing MMSI numbers to its members.

**Steps:**

1. **Become a Sea Tow Member:** Visit the Sea Tow website ([https://seatow.com/](https://seatow.com/)) and sign up for a membership. Choose a membership level that suits your needs and budget.
2. **Apply for an MMSI Number:** Once you are a member, you can apply for an MMSI number through the Sea Tow website. Log in to your account and navigate to the MMSI application page.
3. **Provide Vessel Information:** You will need to provide detailed information about your vessel, including its name, length, hull identification number (HIN), and type of construction.
4. **Provide Radio Equipment Information:** You will need to provide information about your VHF radio, including its make, model, and DSC capabilities. You may also need to provide information about your AIS transponder and EPIRB, if applicable.
5. **Provide Emergency Contact Information:** You will need to provide contact information for at least two emergency contacts who can be reached in case of an emergency.
6. **Pay the Fee:** Sea Tow charges a fee for issuing MMSI numbers. The fee varies depending on your membership level. Follow the instructions on the website to pay the fee securely online.
7. **Submit Your Application:** Review your application carefully and submit it electronically.
8. **Receive Your MMSI Number:** If your application is approved, you will receive your MMSI number via email or mail. This process typically takes a few business days.

**Pros:** Convenient, relatively quick processing time, access to other Sea Tow benefits.

**Cons:** Requires Sea Tow membership fee, MMSI issuance fee.

4. FCC (Federal Communications Commission) – Ship Station License

This is required for vessels making international voyages, those over 300 gross tons, or those carrying more than 6 passengers for hire.

**Steps:**

1. **Determine Eligibility:** Ensure that you meet the FCC’s requirements for obtaining a Ship Station License. As stated above, this generally applies to vessels making international voyages, those over 300 gross tons, or those carrying more than 6 passengers for hire.
2. **Register in CORES:** You must register in the FCC’s Commission Registration System (CORES) and obtain an FCC Registration Number (FRN). You can register in CORES online through the FCC website ([https://www.fcc.gov/](https://www.fcc.gov/)).
3. **Apply Online:** File an application for a Ship Station License through the FCC’s online system. You will need to provide detailed information about your vessel, radio equipment, and planned operations. The application form is typically FCC Form 605, Main Form and Schedule B.
4. **Pay the Fee:** The FCC charges a fee for Ship Station Licenses. The fee varies depending on the type of license and the services it covers. Follow the instructions on the website to pay the fee securely online.
5. **Submit Your Application:** Review your application carefully and submit it electronically.
6. **Receive Your License:** If your application is approved, you will receive your Ship Station License and MMSI number via email or mail. This process can take several weeks, so plan accordingly.

**Pros:** Necessary for certain types of vessels and operations.

**Cons:** More complex application process, longer processing time, higher fees.

Programming Your Equipment

Once you have obtained your MMSI number, you need to program it into your DSC radio, AIS transponder, and EPIRB. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for specific programming procedures. It’s crucial to enter the MMSI number correctly to ensure that your equipment functions properly in an emergency. Many radios require a specific procedure to enter the MMSI and it can only be done a couple of times, so proceed with caution!

* **DSC Radio:** Typically, you will need to enter the MMSI number through the radio’s menu system. Follow the instructions in your radio’s manual carefully. Once programmed, test your radio’s DSC functionality by sending a test call to a friend or a Coast Guard station.
* **AIS Transponder:** The programming procedure for AIS transponders varies depending on the model. Some transponders can be programmed directly through the device’s interface, while others require a computer and specialized software. Consult your transponder’s manual for detailed instructions.
* **EPIRB:** EPIRBs are typically programmed by the manufacturer or an authorized service technician. When you purchase an EPIRB, you will need to provide your MMSI number and other vessel information to the seller. They will then program the EPIRB before you take delivery.

Important Considerations

* **Accuracy:** Ensure that all information you provide during the application process is accurate and up-to-date. Errors or omissions can delay the processing of your application or compromise the effectiveness of your MMSI number in an emergency.
* **Registration Updates:** If you sell your vessel, change your radio equipment, or update your contact information, you need to update your MMSI registration accordingly. Contact the organization that issued your MMSI number for instructions on how to update your registration.
* **False Distress Alerts:** Avoid transmitting false distress alerts. Accidental activations of DSC radios or EPIRBs can trigger costly and time-consuming search and rescue operations. If you accidentally activate your equipment, immediately contact the Coast Guard or other relevant authorities to cancel the alert.
* **Testing Your Equipment:** Regularly test your DSC radio and EPIRB to ensure that they are functioning properly. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for testing procedures.
* **Regulations Change:** Maritime regulations can change. Stay informed about any updates or changes to MMSI requirements in your area.

Conclusion

Obtaining an MMSI number is an essential step in ensuring your safety on the water. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can obtain an MMSI number from the appropriate organization and program your equipment correctly. Remember to keep your registration information up-to-date and regularly test your equipment to ensure that it is functioning properly. A properly programmed MMSI number can significantly increase your chances of a successful rescue in an emergency, providing peace of mind and enhancing your overall boating experience. Safe boating!