The Burmese cat, with its captivating eyes, sleek coat, and engaging personality, is a breed that stands out. However, distinguishing a Burmese from other similar-looking breeds can be tricky. This comprehensive guide provides detailed steps and instructions to help you confidently identify a Burmese cat.
Understanding the Burmese Breed Standard
Before diving into specific identification markers, it’s crucial to understand the breed standard set by cat fancier organizations like the Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) and The International Cat Association (TICA). These standards outline the ideal physical characteristics and temperament of a Burmese cat.
Step 1: Evaluating the Coat Color and Pattern
One of the most distinctive features of a Burmese cat is its coat color. Unlike breeds with pointed patterns (like Siamese), Burmese cats have a color dilution gene that results in a unique sepia-toned coat. Here’s what to look for:
- Traditional Colors: The original Burmese colors are sable (a rich, dark brown), chocolate (a warm, milk chocolate brown), blue (a soft, grayish-blue), and lilac (a pale, delicate gray with a pinkish hue). These colors are recognized by all major cat registries.
- Dilute Colors: Some registries also accept red, cream, and tortoiseshell variations (a mottled combination of red/cream with sable, chocolate, blue, or lilac).
- Solid Color: Burmese cats have a ‘solid’ color, which means the color is consistent throughout the body, without any stripes, spots, or shading (except for subtle variations due to the color dilution).
- Subtle Shading: While the color is generally uniform, slight shading is common. The back and head might be slightly darker than the sides and underparts. This shading is gradual and subtle, not a stark contrast like in pointed breeds. Kittens are born with lighter coats that gradually darken with age.
- Coat Texture: The Burmese coat is short, fine, satin-like, and glossy. It should feel like silk to the touch. It lies close to the body and is almost completely devoid of an undercoat, contributing to its sleek appearance.
Important Note: Be wary of cats described as “Burmese” with distinct tabby markings, white patches, or pointed patterns. These are likely mixed breeds or a different breed altogether.
Step 2: Examining the Head and Facial Features
The Burmese head is another key area for identification. Pay attention to these characteristics:
- Head Shape: The head is a moderately rounded wedge shape, without flat planes. It is not sharply angular or overly round. The cheekbones are broad and well-defined. The muzzle is neither too short nor too long, with a gentle curve.
- Nose: The nose should have a visible break or stop when viewed in profile. This is a slight indentation where the forehead meets the nose. This stop is not as pronounced as in Persians or Exotics, but it should be noticeable.
- Chin: A strong, well-developed chin is desirable. It should align with the nose and upper lip when viewed in profile. A receding or weak chin is considered a fault.
- Ears: The ears are medium in size, set well apart on the head, and slightly tilted forward. They are broad at the base and taper to a slightly rounded tip. The inner ears have a velvety texture.
Step 3: Observing the Eye Color and Shape
The eyes are perhaps the most captivating feature of the Burmese. Their color and shape are crucial for breed identification:
- Eye Color: Burmese cats are known for their striking gold or yellow eyes. The color should be intense and luminous. Green or blue eyes are disqualifications according to breed standards. The deeper and richer the gold color, the more desirable it is.
- Eye Shape: The eyes are large, round, and set wide apart. They should have an expressive and alert appearance. They are not almond-shaped or slanted.
Step 4: Assessing the Body Structure and Size
The Burmese is a surprisingly muscular and compact cat, often described as feeling heavier than they look. Evaluate these aspects of their body:
- Body Type: The Burmese has a medium-sized, muscular body. They are neither slender nor cobby (short and stocky). The body is well-balanced and feels substantial for its size.
- Legs and Paws: The legs are proportionate to the body, with medium bone structure. The paws are oval in shape.
- Tail: The tail is medium in length, tapering slightly to a rounded tip. It should be in proportion to the body.
- Size: Burmese cats are generally medium in size, typically weighing between 8 and 12 pounds. Males are usually larger than females.
Step 5: Evaluating Temperament and Personality
While physical characteristics are important, temperament is also a key factor in identifying a Burmese cat. They are known for their affectionate, playful, and intelligent nature. Consider these traits:
- Affectionate: Burmese cats are incredibly people-oriented and thrive on attention. They are often described as “velcro cats” because they love to be close to their owners.
- Playful: They are active and playful cats who enjoy interactive games and toys. They retain their playful nature well into adulthood.
- Intelligent: Burmese cats are intelligent and easily trainable. They can be taught tricks and often enjoy puzzle toys.
- Vocal: They are known to be quite vocal, using a distinctive, soft voice to communicate with their owners. They are not typically as loud or demanding as Siamese cats, but they will certainly let you know when they want something.
- Social: Burmese cats generally get along well with other cats and even dogs, especially if introduced at a young age. They thrive in households where they have companionship.
- Curious: They are curious and inquisitive cats who enjoy exploring their surroundings. They are always interested in what their owners are doing.
Important Note: While temperament can vary between individual cats, a Burmese is unlikely to be shy, aloof, or aggressive. If a cat consistently displays these behaviors, it may not be a purebred Burmese.
Step 6: Consulting with a Veterinarian or Breed Expert
If you’re still unsure about the identity of a cat, the best course of action is to consult with a veterinarian or a knowledgeable Burmese breed expert. They can assess the cat’s physical characteristics and temperament and provide a professional opinion.
- Veterinarian: A veterinarian can rule out any health issues that might be affecting the cat’s appearance or behavior. They can also perform a DNA test to determine the cat’s breed.
- Breed Expert: A Burmese breed expert, such as a breeder or a member of a Burmese cat club, has extensive knowledge of the breed standard and can provide a more informed assessment. They can often identify subtle characteristics that might be missed by someone less familiar with the breed.
Step 7: Considering DNA Testing
DNA testing can be a valuable tool for confirming the breed of a cat, especially if its history is unknown. Several companies offer feline DNA tests that can identify the presence of Burmese genetic markers. These tests can provide a definitive answer, although it’s important to remember that even DNA tests aren’t always 100% accurate.
Common Misconceptions About Burmese Cats
It’s important to address some common misconceptions that can lead to misidentification:
- Burmese are always brown: While sable (brown) is the original and most well-known color, Burmese cats come in a variety of colors, including chocolate, blue, lilac, red, cream, and tortoiseshell.
- Burmese are the same as Siamese: While related, Burmese and Siamese are distinct breeds with different physical characteristics and temperaments. Siamese cats have a pointed pattern, almond-shaped eyes, and a more angular head shape, while Burmese cats have a solid color, round eyes, and a more rounded head.
- Burmese are hypoallergenic: No cat breed is truly hypoallergenic. However, some people with allergies find that they react less to Burmese cats due to their short, fine coat and lack of undercoat.
Distinguishing Burmese from Similar Breeds
Several breeds can be confused with Burmese cats. Here’s a comparison to help you differentiate them:
- Bombay: Bombay cats are essentially black Burmese. They share the same body type and temperament as Burmese cats, but their coat is a glossy black. If a cat has a Burmese body type and temperament but is black, it’s likely a Bombay.
- Siamese: As mentioned earlier, Siamese cats have a pointed pattern, almond-shaped blue eyes, and a more angular head. Their body is also more slender and elongated than a Burmese.
- Tonkinese: Tonkinese cats are a hybrid of Burmese and Siamese. They have a moderate pointed pattern, aqua-colored eyes, and a body type that is intermediate between Burmese and Siamese.
- British Shorthair: While British Shorthairs can come in similar colors to Burmese, they have a much more cobby (stocky) body type, round face, and dense coat.
Conclusion
Identifying a Burmese cat requires careful observation of its physical characteristics, temperament, and breed standards. By following these detailed steps and instructions, you can increase your chances of accurately identifying this captivating breed. Remember to consult with a veterinarian or breed expert if you’re unsure, and consider DNA testing for definitive confirmation. The Burmese cat, with its golden eyes, silky coat, and affectionate personality, is a truly special breed that is sure to bring joy to any home. If you’re looking for a loyal, playful, and intelligent companion, the Burmese cat may be the perfect choice for you.
This guide is designed to provide comprehensive information and help you to identify a Burmese cat. However, it should not replace professional advice from a veterinarian or a cat breed expert. If you are considering acquiring a Burmese cat, it is always best to seek out a reputable breeder who can provide you with detailed information about the breed and the specific cat you are interested in.